Ozone is O3 instead of the O2 found in air, and it can give up an atom of oxygen. This results in a very powerful oxidizing agent, toxic to most waterborne microorganisms. After about an hour, it decays back to ordinary oxygen, making the water safe for human consumption and greatly reducing the amount of […]
Reverse osmosis systems push purified water through a semi-permeable membrane. The membrane itself removes inorganic chemicals, sediment, and high molecular weight organics from the water. These systems also include sediment and carbon filters to catch contaminants before and after the membrane itself. As a system, they remove many common inorganic and organic contaminants, sediment, and […]
This system is designed for the removal of iron and manganese from water. These filters oxidize ferrous iron to turn it into an insoluble ferric particle (rust), and then trap it in the filter media. Sometimes the oxidizer is injected before the back washing filter tank. The oxidizer could be bleach, ozone or the oxygen […]
Cartridge filters key parameter is surface area, enabling them to operate for a period of time. As water flows through the filter, the material is able to catch unwanted contaminants in the water. Properly sized cartridges require minimal maintenance, and may only need to be rinsed off or replaced a few times per year. Cartridge […]
Water aeration can be defined as the process of adding a gas such as oxygen to water or the process of removing a gas from raw water. This is often used to oxidize troublesome components in water such as iron for subsequent filtration. Aeration is also used to strip undesirables such as volatile organic carbons […]
Ultraviolet (U.V.) disinfection is a chemical-free process used to directly attack microbes and viruses in water. Even difficult to kill parasites like Cryptosporidia or Giardia are greatly reduced in this process. Essentially a specific 254 nanometer wavelength will scramble the organisms DNA such that they will not reproduce. Systems are rated at so many gallons […]
Carbon tanks work to remove taste, smells, odors, chemicals, chlorine, and other impurities in water. Carbon tanks loaded with carbon media come in various sizes and number; they can be plumbed in series or parallel. They can be backwashing type or non-backwashing. The backwashing can be initiated on pressure drop, time or volume of water […]
This system consists of both cation and anion ion exchange resin. The water passes through the cation ion exchange resin, where the positive ions are exchanged for hydrogen. Next, the acidic water is passed through the anion ion exchange resin where the negative ions are replaced with hydroxyl. Once through the cation and anion phases, […]
Reverse osmosis (RO) membrane systems force purified water through a semi-permeable membrane that rejects inorganic, sediment, and high molecular weight contaminants. The whole house system is meant to filter all incoming water to a home or business and may include pre filtration devices. These devices may be carbon filters, water softeners and sediment filters. Typically […]
Ultra-filtration (UF) in water treatment typically uses hollow fibers of membrane material. The feed water flows either inside the fibers, or around the outside of the fibers. Suspended solids and solutes of high molecular weight are retained, while water and low molecular weight solutes pass through the membrane. This separation process is used in industry […]
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